{"id":3086,"date":"2019-08-23T04:00:53","date_gmt":"2019-08-23T04:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/?p=3086"},"modified":"2019-06-08T18:58:42","modified_gmt":"2019-06-08T18:58:42","slug":"bahamas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/bahamas\/","title":{"rendered":"Bahamas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction:<\/h2>\n

The Bahamas<\/a>, known officially as the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is a country within the Lucayan Archipelago<\/a>. The archipelagic state consists of more than 700 islands, cays, and islets in the Atlantic Ocean,<\/a> and is located north of Cuba<\/a> and Hispaniola<\/a> (Haiti <\/a>and the Dominican Republic<\/a>), northwest of the Turks and Caicos Islands<\/a>, southeast of the U.S. state of Florida<\/a>, and east of the Florida Keys<\/a>. The capital is Nassau<\/a> on the island of New Providence<\/a>. The designation of “the Bahamas” can refer either to the country or to the larger island chain that it shares with the Turks and Caicos Islands. The Royal Bahamas Defence Force<\/a> describes the Bahamas territory as encompassing 180,000 square miles of ocean space.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Bahamas on the Globe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Bahamas is the site of Columbus’s first landfall in the New World in 1492. At that time, the islands were inhabited by the Lucayans<\/a>, a branch of the Arawakan-speaking Ta\u00edno<\/a> people. Although the Spanish never colonized the Bahamas, they shipped the native Lucayans to slavery in Hispaniola. The islands were mostly deserted from 1513 until 1648, when English colonists from Bermuda<\/a> settled on the island of Eleuthera<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The Bahamas became a British crown colony in 1718, when the British clamped down on piracy. After the American Revolutionary War<\/a>, the Crown resettled thousands of American Loyalists<\/a> in the Bahamas; they brought their slaves with them and established plantations on land grants. Africans constituted the majority of the population from this period. The slave trade was abolished by the British in 1807; slavery in the Bahamas was abolished in 1834. Subsequently, the Bahamas became a haven for freed African slaves; the Royal Navy<\/a> resettled Africans there liberated from illegal slave ships, North American slaves and Seminoles<\/a> escaped here from Florida, and the government freed slaves carried on US domestic ships that had reached the Bahamas due to weather. Today, Afro-Bahamians make up nearly 90% of the population.<\/p>\n

The Bahamas became an independent Commonwealth realm<\/a> in 1973 with Elizabeth II as its queen. In terms of gross domestic product per capita, the Bahamas is one of the richest countries in the Americas (following the United States<\/a> and Canada<\/a>), with an economy based on tourism and finance.<\/p>\n

Etymology:<\/h2>\n

The name Bahamas is most likely derived from either the Ta\u00edno<\/a> ba ha ma (“big upper middle land”), which was a term for the region used by the indigenous Native Americans, or possibly from the Spanish baja mar (“shallow water or sea” or “low tide”) reflecting the shallow waters of the area. Alternatively, it may originate from Guanahani<\/a>, a local name of unclear meaning.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Map of the Bahamas<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The word The constitutes an integral part of the short form of the name and is, therefore, capitalized. So in contrast to “the Congo” and “the United Kingdom”, it is proper to write “The Bahamas.” The name The Bahamas is thus comparable with certain non-English names that also use the definite article, such as Las Vegas or Los Angeles. The Constitution of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, the country’s fundamental law, capitalizes the “T” in “The Bahamas.”<\/p>\n

History:<\/h2>\n

Early History:<\/h3>\n

Taino people moved into the uninhabited southern Bahamas from Hispaniola and Cuba around the 11th century, having migrated there from South America. They came to be known as the Lucayan people. An estimated 30,000 Lucayans inhabited the Bahamas at the time of Christopher Columbus’s<\/a> arrival in 1492.<\/p>\n

Columbus’s first landfall in the New World was on an island he named San Salvador (known to the Lucayans as Guanahani). Some researchers believe this site to be present-day San Salvador Island<\/a> (formerly known as Watling’s Island), situated in the southeastern Bahamas. An alternative theory holds that Columbus landed to the southeast on Samana Cay<\/a>, according to calculations made in 1986 by National Geographic<\/a> writer and editor Joseph Judge<\/a>, based on Columbus’s log. Evidence in support of this remains inconclusive. On the landfall island, Columbus made first contact with the Lucayans and exchanged goods with them.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
First Landing of Columbus<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Spanish forced much of the Lucayan population to Hispaniola for use as forced labor. The slaves suffered from harsh conditions and most died from contracting diseases to which they had no immunity; half of the Taino died from smallpox<\/a> alone. The population of the Bahamas was severely diminished.<\/p>\n

In 1648, the Eleutherian Adventurers<\/a>, led by William Sayle<\/a>, migrated from Bermuda. These English Puritans established the first permanent European settlement on an island which they named Eleuthera\u2014the name derives from the Greek word for freedom. They later settled New Providence, naming it Sayle’s Island after one of their leaders. To survive, the settlers salvaged goods from wrecks.<\/a><\/p>\n

In 1670, King Charles II<\/a> granted the islands to the Lords Proprietors<\/a> of the Carolinas in North America. They rented the islands from the king with rights of trading, tax, appointing governors, and administering the country.[18] In 1684 Spanish corsair<\/a> Juan de Alcon raided the capital<\/a>, Charles Town (later renamed Nassau). In 1703, a joint Franco-Spanish expedition briefly occupied the Bahamian capital during the War of the Spanish Succession<\/a>.<\/p>\n

18th\u201319th Centuries:<\/h3>\n

During proprietary rule, the Bahamas became a haven for pirates, including Blackbeard<\/a> (circa 1680\u20131718). To put an end to the ‘Pirates’ republic’<\/a> and restore orderly government, Great Britain made the Bahamas a crown colony in 1718 under the royal governorship of Woodes Rogers<\/a>. After a difficult struggle, he succeeded in suppressing piracy. In 1720, Rogers led local militia to drive off a Spanish attack.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Blackbeard<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

During the US War of Independence in the late 18th century, the islands became a target for US naval forces under the command of Commodore Esek Hopkins<\/a>. US Marines occupied the capital of Nassau for a fortnight or 2 weeks.<\/p>\n

In 1782, following the British defeat at Yorktown<\/a>, a Spanish fleet appeared off the coast of Nassau. The city surrendered without a fight<\/a>. Spain returned possession of the Bahamas to Great Britain the following year, under the terms of the Treaty of Paris<\/a>. Before the news was received, however, the islands were recaptured by a small British force<\/a> led by Andrew Deveaux<\/a>.<\/p>\n

After US independence, the British resettled some 7,300 Loyalists with their slaves in the Bahamas, including two thousand from New York and at least 1,033 whites, 2,214 blacks and a few Creeks<\/a> from East Florida<\/a>. Most of the refugees resettled from New York<\/a> had fled from other colonies, including West Florida<\/a>, which the Spanish captured during the war. The government granted land to the planters to help compensate for losses on the continent. These Loyalists, who included Deveaux, established plantations on several islands and became a political force in the capital. European Americans were outnumbered by the African-American slaves they brought with them, and ethnic Europeans remained a minority in the territory.<\/p>\n

In 1807, the British abolished the slave trade, followed by the United States the next year. During the following decades, the Royal Navy intercepted the trade; they resettled in the Bahamas thousands of Africans liberated from slave ships.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Woodes Rogers<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In the 1820s during the period of the Seminole Wars<\/a> in Florida, hundreds of North American slaves and African Seminoles escaped from Cape Florida to the Bahamas. They settled mostly on northwest Andros Island<\/a>, where they developed the village of Red Bays. From eyewitness accounts, 300 escaped in a mass flight in 1823, aided by Bahamians in 27 sloops<\/a>, with others using canoes for the journey. This was commemorated in 2004 by a large sign at Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park<\/a>. Some of their descendants in Red Bays continue African Seminole traditions in basket making and grave marking.<\/p>\n

The United States’ National Park Service<\/a>, which administers the National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom<\/a>, is working with the African Bahamian Museum and Research Center (ABAC) in Nassau on development to identify Red Bays as a site related to North American slaves’ search for freedom. The museum has researched and documented the African Seminoles’ escape from southern Florida. It plans to develop interpretive programs at historical sites in Red Bay associated with the period of their settlement in the Bahamas.<\/p>\n

In 1818, the Home Office in London had ruled that “any slave brought to the Bahamas from outside the British West Indies would be manumitted.” This led to a total of nearly 300 slaves owned by US nationals being freed from 1830 to 1835. The American slave ships Comet and Encomium used in the United States domestic coastwise slave trade, were wrecked off Abaco Island in December 1830 and February 1834, respectively. When wreckers took the masters, passengers and slaves into Nassau, customs officers seized the slaves and British colonial officials freed them, over the protests of the Americans. There were 165 slaves on the Comet and 48 on the Encomium. The United Kingdom finally paid an indemnity to the United States in those two cases in 1855, under the Treaty of Claims of 1853, which settled several compensation cases between the two countries.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Slave Ship<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Slavery was abolished in the British Empire<\/a> on 1 August 1834. After that British colonial officials freed 78 North American slaves from the Enterprise<\/a>, which went into Bermuda in 1835; and 38 from the Hermosa, which wrecked off Abaco Island<\/a> in 1840. The most notable case was that of the Creole in 1841: as a result of a slave revolt on board, the leaders ordered the US brig to Nassau. It was carrying 135 slaves from Virginia destined for sale in New Orleans<\/a>. The Bahamian officials freed the 128 slaves who chose to stay in the islands. The Creole case<\/a> has been described as the “most successful slave revolt in U.S. history”.<\/p>\n

These incidents, in which a total of 447 slaves belonging to US nationals were freed from 1830 to 1842, increased tension between the United States and the United Kingdom. They had been co-operating in patrols to suppress the international slave trade. However, worried about the stability of its large domestic slave trade and its value, the United States argued that the United Kingdom should not treat its domestic ships that came to its colonial ports under duress as part of the international trade. The United States worried that the success of the Creole slaves in gaining freedom would encourage more slave revolts on merchant ships.<\/p>\n

20th Century:<\/h3>\n

In August 1940, the Duke of Windsor<\/a> was appointed Governor of the Bahamas<\/a>. He arrived in the colony with his wife, the Duchess<\/a>. Although disheartened at the condition of Government House, they “tried to make the best of a bad situation”. He did not enjoy the position, and referred to the islands as “a third-class British colony”.<\/p>\n

He opened the small local parliament on 29 October 1940. The couple visited the “Out Islands” that November, on Axel Wenner-Gren’s<\/a> yacht, which caused controversy; the British Foreign Office<\/a> strenuously objected because they had been advised (mistakenly) by United States intelligence that Wenner-Gren was a close friend of the Luftwaffe<\/a> commander Hermann G\u00f6ring<\/a> of Nazi Germany.<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Duke of Windsor<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Duke was praised at the time for his efforts to combat poverty on the islands. A 1991 biography by Philip Ziegler, however, described him as contemptuous of the Bahamians and other non-European peoples of the Empire. He was praised for his resolution of civil unrest over low wages in Nassau in June 1942, when there was a “full-scale riot”. Ziegler said that the Duke blamed the trouble on “mischief makers \u2013 communists” and “men of Central European Jewish descent, who had secured jobs as a pretext for obtaining a deferment of draft”.<\/p>\n

The Duke resigned from the post on 16 March 1945.<\/p>\n

Post-Second World War:<\/h3>\n

Modern political development began after the Second World War<\/a>. The first political parties were formed in the 1950s. The British Parliament authorized the islands as internally self-governing in 1964, with Sir Roland Symonette<\/a>, of the United Bahamian Party<\/a>, as the first Premier.<\/p>\n

A new constitution granting the Bahamas internal autonomy went into effect on 7 January 1964. In 1967, Lynden Pindling<\/a> of the Progressive Liberal Party<\/a>, became the first black Premier of the Bahamian colony; in 1968 the title of the position was changed to Prime Minister. In 1968, Pindling announced that the Bahamas would seek full independence. A new constitution giving the Bahamas increased control over its own affairs was adopted in 1968.<\/p>\n

The British House of Lords<\/a> voted to give the Bahamas its independence on 22 June 1973. Prince Charles<\/a> delivered the official documents to Prime Minister Lynden Pindling, officially declaring the Bahamas a fully independent nation on 10 July 1973. It joined the Commonwealth of Nations on the same day. Sir Milo Butler<\/a> was appointed the first Governor-General of the Bahamas<\/a> (the official representative of Queen Elizabeth II<\/a>) shortly after independence. The Bahamas joined the International Monetary Fund<\/a> and the World Bank<\/a> on 22 August 1973, and it joined the United Nations<\/a> on 18 September 1973.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Prime Minister Lynden Pindling<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Based on the twin pillars of tourism and offshore finance<\/a>, the Bahamian economy has prospered since the 1950s. Significant challenges in areas such as education, health care, housing, international narcotics trafficking and illegal immigration from Haiti continue to be issues.<\/p>\n

The University of The Bahamas (UB)<\/a> is the national higher education\/tertiary system. Offering baccalaureate, masters and associate degrees, UB has three campuses, and teaching and research centers throughout the Bahamas. The University of The Bahamas was chartered on 10 November 2016.<\/p>\n

Geography:<\/h2>\n

In 1864, the Governor of the Bahamas reported that there were 29 islands, 661 cays, and 2,387 rocks in the colony.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Bahamas From Space<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The closest island to the United States is Bimini<\/a>, which is also known as the gateway to the Bahamas. The island of Abaco is to the east of Grand Bahama<\/a>. The southeasternmost island is Inagua. The largest island is Andros Island<\/a>. Other inhabited islands include Eleuthera, Cat Island<\/a>, Rum Cay<\/a>, Long Island<\/a>, San Salvador Island, Ragged Island<\/a>, Acklins<\/a>, Crooked Island<\/a>, Exuma<\/a>, Berry Islands<\/a> and Mayaguana<\/a>. Nassau, capital city of the Bahamas, lies on the island of New Providence.<\/p>\n

All the islands are low and flat, with ridges that usually rise no more than 49 to 66 feet. The highest point in the country is Mount Alvernia<\/a> (formerly Como Hill) on Cat Island. It has an elevation of 207 feet.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Nassau Beach<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

To the southeast, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and three more extensive submarine features called Mouchoir Bank<\/a>, Silver Bank<\/a> and Navidad Bank<\/a>, are geographically a continuation of the Bahamas.<\/p>\n

Economy:<\/h2>\n

By the terms of GDP per capita, the Bahamas is one of the richest countries in the Americas. It was revealed in the Panama Papers<\/a> that The Bahamas is the jurisdiction with the most offshore entities or companies.<\/p>\n

Tourism:<\/h3>\n

The Bahamas relies on tourism to generate most of its economic activity. Tourism as an industry not only accounts for over 60% of the Bahamian GDP, but provides jobs for more than half the country’s workforce. The Bahamas attracted 5.8 million visitors in 2012, more than 70% of whom were cruise visitors.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Atlantis Paradise Island Nassau<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Financial Services:<\/h3>\n

After tourism, the next most important economic sector is banking and offshore international financial services, accounting for some 15% of GDP.<\/p>\n

The government has adopted incentives to encourage foreign financial business, and further banking and finance reforms are in progress. The government plans to merge the regulatory functions of key financial institutions, including the Central Bank of the Bahamas (CBB)<\/a> and the Securities and Exchange Commission<\/a>. The Central Bank administers restrictions and controls on capital<\/a> and money market instruments. The Bahamas International Securities Exchange consists of 19 listed public companies. Reflecting the relative soundness of the banking system (mostly populated by Canadian banks), the impact of the global financial crisis on the financial sector has been limited.<\/p>\n

The economy has a very competitive tax regime (classified as a tax haven<\/a>). The government derives its revenue from import tariffs, VAT<\/a>, licence fees, property and stamp taxes, but there is no income tax, corporate tax, capital gains tax, or wealth tax. Payroll taxes fund social insurance benefits and amount to 3.9% paid by the employee and 5.9% paid by the employer. In 2010, overall tax revenue as a percentage of GDP was 17.2%.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Bahamian Banking<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Agriculture:<\/h3>\n

Agriculture is the third largest sector of the Bahamian economy, representing 5\u20137% of total GDP. An estimated 80% of the Bahamian food supply is imported. Major crops include onions<\/a>, okra<\/a>, tomatoes<\/a>, oranges<\/a>, grapefruit<\/a>, cucumbers<\/a>, sugar cane<\/a>, lemons<\/a>, limes<\/a>, and sweet potatoes<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Transportation:<\/h2>\n

Highways:<\/h3>\n

There are approximately 1,689 miles of road in the Bahamas that is classified as highway. Of these, approximately 970 miles are paved. As a former British colony, drivers drive on the left.<\/p>\n

Ports and Harbors:<\/h3>\n

Marinas and harbors are plentiful on The Bahamas islands, making aquatic travel an easy way to navigate between the islands group. Boat travel can be the only way to reach some of the smaller islands. Travelers entering the island will need to clear customs first, but boatsmen can enter any of two dozen ports of entry.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Cruise Ships in Nassau<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Facilities catering to large passenger cruise ships are located on Grand Bahama Island and New Providence. The Lucayan Harbour Cruise Facility in Freeport and Nassau harbour’s Prince George Wharf are built specifically to handle multiple modern cruise ships at one time. Additionally, several major cruise line corporations have each purchased an uninhabited island which they now operate as private island destinations available exclusively to their respective ships. These include Great Stirrup Cay<\/a>, owned by Norwegian Cruise Line<\/a>, Little Stirrup Cay<\/a> otherwise known as Royal Caribbean International’s<\/a> “Coco Cay”, Carnival Corporation’s<\/a> Little San Salvador Island<\/a> or “Half Moon Cay”, and Castaway Cay<\/a>, of Disney Cruise Line<\/a>. Of these, only Castaway Cay offers ships an actual pier for docking. The others use tender boats<\/a> to service ships anchored off shore.<\/p>\n

Airports:<\/h3>\n

The main airports on the islands are Lynden Pindling International Airport<\/a> on New Providence, Grand Bahama International Airport<\/a> on Grand Bahama Island, and Marsh Harbour International Airport<\/a> on Abaco Island. Out of 62 airports in all, 23 have paved runways.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Lynden Pindling International Airport<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bahamasair<\/a> is the national flag carrier airline of the Bahamas.[2]<\/p>\n

Heliports:<\/h3>\n

A heliport is located on Paradise Island, as well as other smaller islands, such as the various cruise line private islands.<\/p>\n

Railways:<\/h3>\n

There are no railways in the Bahamas.<\/p>\n

Flag of the Bahamas:<\/h2>\n

The national flag of the Bahamas consists of a black triangle situated at the hoist with three horizontal bands: aquamarine, gold and aquamarine. Adopted in 1973 to replace the British Blue Ensign defaced with the emblem of the Crown Colony of the Bahama Islands, it has been the flag of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas since the country gained independence that year. The design of the present flag incorporated the elements of various submissions made in a national contest for a new flag prior to independence.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Flag of The Bahamas<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

History:<\/h3>\n

The Bahamas became a crown colony<\/a> of the United Kingdom<\/a> within its colonial empire<\/a> in 1717. Under colonial rule, the Bahama Islands used the British Blue Ensign and defaced it with the emblem of the territory. This was inspired by the ousting of the pirates, and consisted of a scene depicting a British ship chasing two pirate ships out at the high seas encircled by the motto “Expulsis piratis restituta commercia” (“Pirates expelled, commerce restored”). The emblem was designed in around 1850, but did not receive official approval until 1964.<\/p>\n

The Bahama Islands were granted internal autonomy in 1964. After the 1972 elections, the territory started negotiations on independence. A search for a national flag began soon after, with a contest being held to determine the new design. Instead of choosing a single winning design, it was decided that the new flag was to be an amalgamation of the elements from various submissions. It was first hoisted at midnight on 10 July 1973, the day the Bahamas became an independent country. The new country also changed its name from the Bahama Islands to The Bahamas upon independence.<\/p>\n

Design:<\/h3>\n

The colors of the flag carry cultural, political, and regional meanings. The gold alludes the shining sun\u2013 as well as other key land-based natural resources \u2013 while the aquamarine epitomizes the water surrounding the country. The black symbolizes the “strength”, “vigor, and force” of the Bahamian people, while the directed triangle evokes their “enterprising and determined” nature to cultivate the abundant natural resources on the land and in the sea.<\/p>\n

Historical Flags:<\/p>\n

Multiple flag variations on a standard theme have flown over The Bahamas during colonial times.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Flag 1869-1904<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Flag 1904-1923<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Flag 1923-1953<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Flag 1953-1964<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Flag 1964-1973<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The national flag of the Bahamas consists of a black triangle situated at the hoist with three horizontal bands: aquamarine, gold and aquamarine. Adopted in 1973 to replace the British Blue Ensign defaced with the emblem of the Crown Colony of the Bahama Islands, it has been the flag of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas since the country gained independence that year. The design of the present flag incorporated the elements of various submissions made in a national contest for a new flag prior to independence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3315,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[32,5,6,7,29,41],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3086"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3086"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3086\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3315"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}