![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Kuwait-on-the-Globe-300x300.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>Oil reserves were discovered in commercial quantities in 1938. In 1946, crude oil was exported for the first time. From 1946 to 1982, the country underwent large-scale modernization. In the 1980s, Kuwait experienced a period of geopolitical instability and an economic crisis following the stock market crash<\/a>. In 1990, Kuwait was invaded<\/a>, and later annexed<\/a>, by Saddam’s Iraq<\/a>. The Iraqi occupation of Kuwait came to an end in 1991 after military intervention<\/a> by a military coalition led by the United States. Kuwait is a non-NATO ally of the United States. Kuwait is also a major ally of ASEAN<\/a>, while maintaining a very strong relationship with China<\/a>.<\/p>\n Kuwait is a constitutional sovereign state with a semi-democratic political system. Kuwait has a high-income economy backed by the world’s sixth largest oil reserves. The Kuwaiti dinar is the highest valued currency in the world. According to the World Bank, the country has the nineteenth highest per capita income. The Constitution was promulgated in 1962.<\/p>\n Kuwait is home to the largest opera house<\/a> in the Middle East<\/a>. The Kuwait National Cultural District<\/a> is a member of the Global Cultural Districts Network<\/a>.<\/p>\n In 1613, the town of Kuwait was founded in modern-day Kuwait City<\/a>. Administratively, it was a sheikhdom, ruled by local sheikhs. In 1716, the Bani Utub<\/a> settled in Kuwait, which at this time was inhabited by a few fishermen and primarily functioned as a fishing village. In the eighteenth century, Kuwait prospered and rapidly became the principal commercial center for the transit of goods between India<\/a>, Muscat<\/a>, Baghdad<\/a> and Arabia<\/a>. By the mid 1700s, Kuwait had already established itself as the major trading route from the Persian Gulf to Aleppo<\/a>.<\/p>\n During the Persian siege of Basra<\/a> in 1775\u201379, Iraqi merchants took refuge in Kuwait and were partly instrumental in the expansion of Kuwait’s boat-building and trading activities. As a result, Kuwait’s maritime commerce boomed, as the Indian trade routes with Baghdad, Aleppo, Smyrna<\/a> and Constantinople<\/a> were diverted to Kuwait during this time. The East India Company<\/a> was diverted to Kuwait in 1792. The East India Company secured the sea routes between Kuwait, India and the east coasts of Africa. After the Persians withdrew from Basra<\/a> in 1779, Kuwait continued to attract trade away from Basra.<\/p>\n Kuwait was the center of boat building in the Persian Gulf region. During the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, vessels made in Kuwait carried the bulk of trade between the ports of India, East Africa and the Red Sea.<\/p>\n Kuwaiti ships were renowned throughout the Indian Ocean. Regional geopolitical turbulence helped foster economic prosperity in Kuwait in the second half of the 18th century. Perhaps the biggest catalyst for much of Kuwait becoming prosperous was due to Basra’s instability in the late 18th century. In the late 18th century, Kuwait partly functioned as a haven for Basra’s merchants, who were fleeing Ottoman government persecution. Kuwaitis developed a reputation as the best sailors in the Persian Gulf.<\/p>\n In the 1890s, Kuwait was threatened by the Ottoman Empire. In a bid to address its security issues, ruler Sheikh Mubarak Al Sabah<\/a> signed an agreement with the British government in India, subsequently known as the Anglo-Kuwaiti Agreement of 1899<\/a> and became a British protectorate. This gave Britain exclusivity of access and trade with Kuwait, and excluded Iraq to the north from a port on the Persian Gulf. The Sheikhdom of Kuwait<\/a> remained a British protectorate from 1899 to 1961.<\/p>\n Following the Kuwait\u2013Najd War of 1919\u201320<\/a>, Ibn Saud<\/a> imposed a trade blockade against Kuwait from the years 1923 until 1937. The goal of the Saudi economic and military attacks on Kuwait was to annex as much of Kuwait’s territory as possible. At the Uqair conference in 1922<\/a>, the boundaries of Kuwait and Najd were set; as a result of British interference, Kuwait had no representative at the Uqair conference. Ibn Saud persuaded Sir Percy Cox<\/a> to give him two-thirds of Kuwait’s territory. More than half of Kuwait was lost due to Uqair. After the Uqair conference, Kuwait was still subjected to a Saudi economic blockade and intermittent Saudi raiding.<\/p>\n The Great Depression<\/a> harmed Kuwait’s economy, starting in the late 1920s. International trading was one of Kuwait’s main sources of income before oil. Kuwaiti merchants were mostly intermediary merchants. As a result of the decline of European demand for goods from India and Africa, Kuwait’s economy suffered. The decline in international trade resulted in an increase in gold smuggling by Kuwaiti ships to India. Some Kuwaiti merchant families became rich from this smuggling. Kuwait’s pearl industry also collapsed as a result of the worldwide economic depression. At its height, Kuwait’s pearl industry had led the world’s luxury market, regularly sending out between 750 and 800 ships to meet the European elite’s desire for pearls. During the economic depression, luxuries like pearls were in little demand. The Japanese invention of cultured pearls<\/a> also contributed to the collapse of Kuwait’s pearl industry.<\/p>\n Historian Hanna Batatu<\/a> explains how the British threatened to take the Kurdish area and Mosul out of Iraq provided that King Faisal granted Britain control of the oil in the region. In 1938 the Kuwaiti Legislative Council unanimously approved a request for Kuwait’s reintegration with Iraq. A year later an armed uprising which had raised the integration banner as its objective was put down by the British.<\/p>\n With the end of the world war, and increasing need for oil across the world, Kuwait experienced a period of prosperity driven by oil and its liberal atmosphere. The period of 1946-82 is often termed “the golden period of Kuwait” by western academics. In popular discourse, the years between 1946 and 1982 are referred to as the “Golden Era”. However, Kuwaiti academics argue that this period was marked by benefits accruing only to the wealthier and connected ruling classes. It saw an increased presence of British, American and French citizens connected with the new oil industry, wealth transfer to people connected with the Emir, the creation of a new privileged upper class of educated Kuwaitis, bankers, and a vast majority of Kuwaitis living a life of penury. This resulted in a growing gulf between the wealthy minority and the majority of common citizens.<\/p>\n In 1950, a major public-work program began to enable Kuwaitis to enjoy a modern standard of living. By 1952, the country became the largest oil exporter in the Persian Gulf region. This massive growth attracted many foreign workers, especially from Palestine, India, and Egypt \u2013 with the latter being particularly political within the context of the Arab Cold War<\/a>. In June 1961, Kuwait became independent with the end of the British protectorate and the Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah<\/a> became Emir of Kuwait. Kuwait’s national day, however, is celebrated on 25 February, the anniversary of the coronation of Sheikh Abdullah (it was originally celebrated on 19 June, the date of independence, but concerns over the summer heat caused the government to move it). Under the terms of the newly drafted Constitution, Kuwait held its first parliamentary elections in 1963. Kuwait was the first of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf to establish a constitution and parliament.<\/p>\n In the 1960s and 1970s, Kuwait was considered by some as the most developed country in the region. Kuwait was the pioneer in the Middle East in diversifying its earnings away from oil exports. The Kuwait Investment Authority is the world’s first sovereign wealth fund. From the 1970s onward, Kuwait scored highest of all Arab countries on the Human Development Index<\/a>. Kuwait University<\/a> was established in 1966. Kuwait’s theatre industry was well known throughout the Arab world. However, it also began to see the growth of plush gated properties, wherein the interiors resembled western villas and the streets were filled with roads marked with potholes.<\/p>\n In the 1960s and 1970s, Kuwait’s press was described as one of the freest in the world. Kuwait was the pioneer in the literary renaissance in the Arab region. In 1958, Al-Arabi<\/a> magazine was first published. The magazine went on to become the most popular magazine in the Arab world. Many Arab writers moved to Kuwait because they enjoyed greater freedom of expression than elsewhere in the Arab world. The Iraqi poet Ahmed Matar<\/a> left Iraq in the 1970s to take refuge in the more liberal environment of Kuwait.<\/p>\n Kuwaiti society embraced liberal and Western attitudes throughout the 1960s and 1970s. For example, most Kuwaiti women did not wear the hijab in the 1960s and 70s.<\/p>\n In the early 1980s, Kuwait experienced a major economic crisis after the Souk Al-Manakh stock market crash and decrease in oil price.<\/p>\n During the Iran\u2013Iraq War<\/a>, Kuwait supported Iraq. Throughout the 1980s, there were several terror attacks in Kuwait, including the 1983 Kuwait bombings<\/a>, hijacking of several Kuwait Airways planes and the attempted assassination of Emir Jaber<\/a> in 1985. Kuwait was a regional hub of science and technology in the 1960s and 1970s up until the early 1980s; the scientific research sector significantly suffered due to the terror attacks.<\/p>\n After the Iran\u2013Iraq War ended, Kuwait declined an Iraqi request to forgive its US$65 billion debt. An economic rivalry between the two countries ensued after Kuwait increased its oil production by 40 percent. Tensions between the two countries increased further in July 1990, after Iraq complained to OPEC<\/a> claiming that Kuwait was stealing its oil from a field near the border by slant drilling<\/a> of the Rumaila field<\/a>.<\/p>\n In August 1990, Iraqi forces invaded and annexed Kuwait. After a series of failed diplomatic negotiations, the United States led a coalition to remove the Iraqi forces from Kuwait, in what became known as the Gulf War. On 26 February 1991, the coalition succeeded in driving out the Iraqi forces. As they retreated, Iraqi forces carried out a scorched earth policy by setting oil wells on fire. During the Iraqi occupation, more than 1,000 Kuwaiti civilians were killed. In addition, more than 600 Kuwaitis went missing during Iraq’s occupation; remains of approximately 375 were found in mass graves in Iraq.<\/p>\n In March 2003, Kuwait became the springboard for the US-led invasion of Iraq<\/a>. Upon the death of the Emir Jaber in January 2006, Saad Al-Sabah<\/a> succeeded him but was removed nine days later by the Kuwaiti parliament due to his ailing health. Sabah Al-Sabah<\/a> was sworn in as Emir.<\/p>\n From 2001 to 2009, Kuwait had the highest Human Development Index ranking in the Arab world. In 2005, women won the right to vote and run in elections. In 2014 and 2015, Kuwait was ranked first among Arab countries in the Global Gender Gap Report<\/a>. Sabah Al Ahmad Sea City<\/a> was inaugurated in mid-2015.<\/p>\n The Amiri Diwan<\/a> is currently developing the new Kuwait National Cultural District (KNCD), which comprises Sheikh Abdullah Al Salem Cultural Centre<\/a>, Sheikh Jaber Al Ahmad Cultural Centre<\/a>, Al Shaheed Park<\/a>, and Al Salam Palace<\/a>. With a capital cost of more than US$1 billion, the project is one of the largest cultural investments in the world. In November 2016, the Sheikh Jaber Al Ahmad Cultural Centre opened. It is the largest cultural centre in the Middle East. The Kuwait National Cultural District is a member of the Global Cultural Districts Network. In 2016 Kuwait commenced a new national development plan, Kuwait Vision 2035, including plans to diversify the economy and become less dependent on oil.<\/p>\n On 30 September 2020, Kuwait\u2019s Crown Prince Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah<\/a> became the 16th Emir of Kuwait and the successor to Emir Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, who died at the age of 91.<\/p>\n Kuwait shares land borders with Iraq and Saudi Arabia, and maritime borders with Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Iran.<\/p>\n Located in the north-east corner of the Arabian Peninsula<\/a>, Kuwait is one of the smallest countries in the world in terms of land area. The flat, sandy Arabian Desert<\/a> covers most of Kuwait. Kuwait is generally low-lying, with the highest point being 306 m (1,004 ft) above sea level.<\/p>\n Kuwait has nine islands<\/a>, all of which, with the exception of Failaka Island<\/a>, are uninhabited. With an area of 860 km2 (330 sq mi), the Bubiyan<\/a> is the largest island in Kuwait and is connected to the rest of the country by a 2,380-metre-long (7,808 ft) bridge. 0.6% of Kuwaiti land area is considered arable with sparse vegetation found along its 499-kilometre-long (310 mi) coastline. Kuwait City<\/a> is located on Kuwait Bay<\/a>, a natural deep-water harbor.<\/p>\n Kuwait’s Burgan field<\/a> has a total capacity of approximately 70 billion barrels (11 billion cubic meters) of proven oil reserves. During the 1991 Kuwaiti oil fires<\/a>, more than 500 oil lakes were created covering a combined surface area of about 35.7 km2 (13 3\u20444 sq mi). The resulting soil contamination due to oil and soot accumulation had made eastern and south-eastern parts of Kuwait uninhabitable. Sand and oil residue had reduced large parts of the Kuwaiti desert to semi-asphalt surfaces. The oil spills during the Gulf War also drastically affected Kuwait’s marine resources.<\/p>\n Kuwait has a petroleum-based economy, petroleum is the main export product. The Kuwaiti dinar<\/a> is the highest-valued unit of currency in the world. According to the World Bank<\/a>, Kuwait is the seventh richest country in the world per capita. Kuwait is the second richest GCC country per capita (after Qatar<\/a>). Petroleum accounts for half of GDP and 90% of government income. Non-petroleum industries include financial services.<\/p>\n In the past five years, there has been a significant rise in entrepreneurship and small business start-ups in Kuwait. The informal sector is also on the rise, mainly due to the popularity of Instagram businesses.<\/p>\n Kuwait is a major source of foreign economic assistance to other states through the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development<\/a>, an autonomous state institution created in 1961 on the pattern of international development agencies. In 1974, the fund’s lending mandate was expanded to include all developing countries in the world.<\/p>\n Kuwait has an extensive and modern network of highways. Roadways extended 5,749 km (3,572 mi), of which 4,887 km (3,037 mi) is paved. There are more than two million passenger cars, and 500,000 commercial taxis, buses, and trucks in use. On major highways the maximum speed is 120 km\/h (75 mph). Since there is no railway system in the country, most people travel by automobiles.<\/p>\n The country’s public transportation network consists almost entirely of bus routes. The state owned Kuwait Public Transportation Company was established in 1962. It runs local bus routes across Kuwait as well as longer distance services to other Gulf states. The main private bus company is CityBus, which operates about 20 routes across the country. Another private bus company, Kuwait Gulf Link Public Transport Services, was started in 2006. It runs local bus routes across Kuwait and longer distance services to neighboring Arab countries.<\/p>\n There are two airports in Kuwait. Kuwait International Airport<\/a> serves as the principal hub for international air travel.<\/p>\n State-owned Kuwait Airways<\/a> is the largest airline in the country. A portion of the airport complex is designated as Al Mubarak Air Base, which contains the headquarters of the Kuwait Air Force, as well as the Kuwait Air Force Museum. In 2004, the first private airline of Kuwait, Jazeera Airways<\/a>, was launched. In 2005, the second private airline, Wataniya Airways<\/a> was founded.<\/p>\n The flag of Kuwait was adopted on September 7, 1961, and officially hoisted November 24, 1961. Before 1961, the flag of Kuwait was red and white, like those of other Persian Gulf states at the time, with the field being red and words or charges being written in white.<\/p>\n During the period of Ottoman rule in Kuwait, the Ottoman flag, red with a white crescent and star, was used. This flag was retained after the country became a British protectorate in the Anglo-Kuwaiti Agreement of 1899<\/a>. Two different flag designs were proposed but not adopted in the period after this. The first proposal in 1906, a red flag with white Western letters spelling KOWEIT and the second in 1913, the Ottoman flag but the word \u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a (Kuwait) in Arabic writing as a canton.<\/p>\n The Ottoman flag kept being used until the First World War, when friendly-fire incidents with the British in 1914 during the Mesopotamian campaign<\/a> around the river Shatt al-Arab<\/a> occurred due to Kuwait and the enemy Ottomans both using the same flag. Because of this Kuwait adopted a new flag, red with \u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a (Kuwait) in Arabic writing. This flag was in use until 1921, when Sheikh Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah<\/a> added the Shahada<\/a> to the flag. This version was in use until 1940, when he also added a stylized falcons claw to the flag. These flags were also depicted on the Emblems of Kuwait<\/a>. The red flag remained the national flag of Kuwait until the adoption of the current one in September 1961. The present flag is in the Pan-Arab colors, but each color is also significant in its own right.<\/p>\n Red: The Hashemite dynasty<\/a>, symbolizes the blood on the swords of Arab warriors. The colors’ meaning came from a poem by Safie Al-Deen Al-Hali:<\/p>\n White are our deeds The flag of Kuwait was adopted on September 7, 1961, and officially hoisted November 24, 1961. Before 1961, the flag of Kuwait was red and white, like those of other Persian Gulf states at the time, with the field being red and words or charges being written in white.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6929,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[36,48,59,5,6,7,49,60],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6589"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6589"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6589\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6929"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Sheikh-Jaber-Al-Ahmad-Cultural-Centre-300x225.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>History:<\/h2>\n
Early History:<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Montage-of-Historical-Emirs-of-Kuwait.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Trade-Routes-through-Kuwait-300x210.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>British Protectorate (1899\u20131961):<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Mubarak-Al-Sabah-of-Kuwait.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Percy-Cox-204x300.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Kuwaiti-Pearls-300x300.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>1962\u20131982: Golden Era:<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Seif-Palace-in-1944-300x249.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Abdullah-Al-Salim-Al-Sabah-236x300.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Khaldiya-Campus-of-Kuwait-University-300x212.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>1982 to Present:<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Jaber-Al-Ahmad-Al-Sabah.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Sabah-Al-Ahmad-Al-Jaber-Al-Sabah.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Nawaf-Al-Ahmad-Al-Jaber-Al-Sabah-267x300.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>Geography:<\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Satelite-Image-of-Kuwait-300x277.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Kuwait-City-Montage-221x300.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>Economy:<\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Kuwait-Export-Treemap-300x234.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>Transportation:<\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Road-Map-of-Kuwait-300x230.gif\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Kuwait-International-Airport-300x200.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>Flag of Kuwait:<\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Flag-of-Kuwait-300x150.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2020\/11\/Flag-of-Kuwait-1915-1961-300x182.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a>
\nWhite: The Umayyad dynasty<\/a>, symbolizes purity and noble deeds.
\nGreen: The Fatimid dynasty<\/a>, represents the fertile land of Arabia.
\nBlack: The Abbasid dynasty<\/a>, represents the defeat of enemies in battle.<\/p>\n
\nBlack are our battles
\nGreen are our lands
\nRed are our swords<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"