{"id":9111,"date":"2022-01-23T04:00:38","date_gmt":"2022-01-23T12:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/?p=9111"},"modified":"2022-01-23T16:45:33","modified_gmt":"2022-01-24T00:45:33","slug":"uganda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/uganda\/","title":{"rendered":"Uganda"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction:<\/h2>\n

Uganda, officially the\u00a0Republic of Uganda, is a\u00a0landlocked<\/a>\u00a0country in\u00a0East Africa<\/a>. It is bordered to the east by\u00a0Kenya<\/a>, to the north by\u00a0South Sudan<\/a>, to the west by the\u00a0Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/a>, to the south-west by\u00a0Rwanda<\/a>, and to the south by\u00a0Tanzania<\/a>. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of\u00a0Lake Victoria<\/a>, shared with Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda is in the\u00a0African Great Lakes<\/a>\u00a0region. Uganda also lies within the\u00a0Nile basin<\/a>\u00a0and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate. It has a population of over 42 million, of which 8.5 million live in the\u00a0capital<\/a>\u00a0and largest city of\u00a0Kampala<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Uganda on the Globe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Uganda is named after the\u00a0Buganda<\/a>\u00a0kingdom, which encompasses a large portion of the south of the country, including the capital\u00a0Kampala<\/a>. The people of Uganda were\u00a0hunter-gatherers<\/a>\u00a0until 1,700 to 2,300 years ago, when\u00a0Bantu<\/a>-speaking populations migrated to the southern parts of the country.<\/p>\n

Beginning in 1894, the area was ruled as a protectorate by the UK, which established administrative law across the territory. Uganda gained independence from the UK on 9 October 1962. The period since then has been marked by violent conflicts, including an eight-year-long\u00a0military dictatorship<\/a>\u00a0led by\u00a0Idi Amin<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The official languages are English and\u00a0Swahili<\/a>, although “any other language” may be used as a medium of instruction in schools or other educational institutions or for legislative, administrative or judicial purposes as may be prescribed by law.”\u00a0Luganda<\/a>, a central region-based language, is widely spoken across the Central and South Eastern regions of the country, and several other languages are also spoken, including\u00a0Lango<\/a>,\u00a0Acholi<\/a>,\u00a0Runyoro<\/a>,\u00a0Runyankole<\/a>,\u00a0Rukiga<\/a>,\u00a0Luo<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0and\u00a0Lusoga<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Views of Kampala<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Uganda’s current president is\u00a0Yoweri Kaguta Museveni<\/a>, who took power in January 1986 after a protracted\u00a0six-year guerrilla war<\/a>. Following constitutional amendments that removed term limits for the president, he was able to stand and was elected president of Uganda in the\u00a02011<\/a>,\u00a02016<\/a>\u00a0and in the\u00a02021<\/a>\u00a0general elections.<\/p>\n

History:<\/h2>\n

Precolonial Uganda:<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n

The residents of Uganda were\u00a0hunter-gatherers<\/a>\u00a0until 1,700\u20132,300 years ago.\u00a0Bantu<\/a>-speaking populations, who were probably from central Africa, migrated to the southern parts of the country.<\/sup><\/p>\n

According to\u00a0oral tradition<\/a>\u00a0and archeological studies, the\u00a0Empire of Kitara<\/a>\u00a0covered an important part of the\u00a0great lakes area<\/a>, from the northern lakes\u00a0Albert<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Kyoga<\/a>\u00a0to the southern lakes\u00a0Victoria<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Tanganyika<\/a>.<\/sup>\u00a0Bunyoro-Kitara<\/a>\u00a0is claimed as the antecedent of the\u00a0Toro<\/a>,\u00a0Ankole<\/a>, and\u00a0Busoga<\/a> kingdoms.<\/p>\n

Some\u00a0Luo<\/a>\u00a0invaded the area of Bunyoro and assimilated with the Bantu society there, establishing the Babiito dynasty of the current\u00a0Omukama<\/a> (ruler) of Bunyoro-Kitara.<\/p>\n

Arab<\/a>\u00a0traders moved inland from the Indian Ocean coast of East Africa in the 1830s for trade and commerce.<\/sup>\u00a0In the late 1860s,\u00a0Bunyoro<\/a>\u00a0in Mid-Western Uganda found itself threatened from the north by Egyptian-sponsored agents.<\/sup>\u00a0Unlike the Arab traders from the East African coast who sought trade, these agents were promoting foreign conquest. In 1869,\u00a0Khedive<\/a>\u00a0Ismail Pasha<\/a>\u00a0of Egypt, seeking to annex the territories north of the borders of\u00a0Lake Victoria<\/a>\u00a0and east of\u00a0Lake Albert<\/a>\u00a0and “south of\u00a0Gondokoro<\/a>,”<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0sent a British explorer,\u00a0Samuel Baker<\/a>, on a military expedition to the frontiers of Northern Uganda, with the objective of suppressing the slave-trade there and opening the way to commerce and “civilization.” The Banyoro resisted Baker, and he had to fight a desperate battle to secure his retreat. Baker regarded the resistance as an act of treachery, and he denounced the Banyoro in a book (Ismailia \u2013 A Narrative Of The Expedition To Central Africa For The Suppression Of Slave Trade, Organised By Ismail, Khadive Of Egypt<\/i>\u00a0(1874))<\/sup>\u00a0that was widely read in Britain. Later, the British arrived in Uganda with a predisposition against\u00a0Bunyoro<\/a>\u00a0and siding with\u00a0Buganda<\/a>\u00a0which eventually would cost the kingdom half of its territory given to Buganda as a reward from the British. Two of the numerous “lost counties” were restored to Bunyoro after independence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
A caesarean section performed by indigenous healers in Kahura, in the Empire of Kitara 1879<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

In the 1860s, while Arabs sought influence from the north, British explorers searching for the source of the\u00a0Nile<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0arrived in Uganda. They were followed by British Anglican missionaries who arrived in the kingdom of Buganda in 1877 and French Catholic missionaries in 1879. This situation gave rise to the death of the\u00a0Uganda Martyrs<\/a>\u00a0in 1885\u2014after the conversion of\u00a0Muteesa I<\/a>\u00a0and much of his court, and the succession of his\u00a0anti-Christian<\/a>\u00a0son\u00a0Mwanga.<\/a><\/p>\n

The British government chartered the\u00a0Imperial British East Africa Company<\/a> (IBEAC) to negotiate trade agreements in the region beginning in 1888.<\/p>\n

From 1886, there was a series of religious wars in Buganda, initially between Muslims and Christians and then, from 1890, between ba-Ingleza Protestants and ba-Fransa Catholics.<\/sup>\u00a0Because of civil unrest and financial burdens, IBEAC claimed that it was unable to “maintain their occupation” in the region.<\/sup> British commercial interests were ardent to protect the trade route of the Nile, which prompted the British government to annex Buganda and adjoining territories to create the Uganda Protectorate in 1894.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Uganda Protectorate (1894\u20131962):<\/span><\/h3>\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
Flag of the Uganda Protectorate<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n
The <\/span>Protectorate of Uganda<\/a>\u00a0was a\u00a0<\/span>protectorate<\/a>\u00a0of the\u00a0<\/span>British Empire<\/a>\u00a0from 1894 to 1962. In 1893, the\u00a0<\/span>Imperial British East Africa Company<\/a>\u00a0transferred its administration rights of territory consisting mainly of the Kingdom of\u00a0<\/span>Buganda<\/a>\u00a0to the British government. The\u00a0<\/span>IBEAC<\/a> relinquished its control over Uganda after Ugandan internal religious wars had driven it into bankruptcy.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

In 1894, the Uganda Protectorate was established, and the territory was extended beyond the borders of Buganda by signing more treaties with the other kingdoms (Toro<\/a>\u00a0in 1900,<\/sup>\u00a0Ankole<\/a>\u00a0in 1901, and\u00a0Bunyoro<\/a>\u00a0in 1933<\/sup>) to an area that roughly corresponds to that of present-day Uganda.<\/p>\n

The status of\u00a0Protectorate<\/a>\u00a0had significantly different consequences for Uganda than had the region been made a colony like neighboring\u00a0Kenya<\/a>, insofar as Uganda retained a degree of self-government that would have otherwise been limited under a full colonial administration.<\/p>\n

In the 1890s, 32,000 laborers from British India were recruited to East Africa<\/a> under indentured labor contracts to construct the\u00a0Uganda Railway<\/a>.<\/sup>\u00a0Most of the surviving Indians returned home, but 6,724 decided to remain in East Africa after the line’s completion.<\/sup> Subsequently, some became traders and took control of cotton ginning and sartorial retail.<\/p>\n

From 1900 to 1920, a\u00a0sleeping sickness<\/a> epidemic in the southern part of Uganda, along the north shores of Lake Victoria, killed more than 250,000 people.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Independence (1962 to 1965):<\/span><\/h3>\n

Uganda gained independence from the UK on 9 October 1962 with\u00a0Queen Elizabeth II<\/a>\u00a0as head of state and\u00a0Queen of Uganda<\/a>. In October 1963, Uganda became a republic but maintained its membership in the\u00a0Commonwealth of Nations<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Milton Obote<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The first post-independence election, held in 1962, was won by an alliance between the\u00a0Uganda People’s Congress<\/a>\u00a0(UPC) and\u00a0Kabaka Yekka<\/a>\u00a0(KY). UPC and KY formed the first post-independence government with\u00a0Milton Obote<\/a>\u00a0as executive prime minister, with the Buganda Kabaka (King)\u00a0Edward Muteesa II<\/a> holding the largely ceremonial position of president.<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>Buganda crisis (1962\u20131966):<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
\n
Uganda’s immediate post-independence years were dominated by the relationship between the central government and the largest regional kingdom \u2013 <\/span>Buganda<\/a>. Years of political unrest boiled over into a military attack against the King of Buganda, the Kabaka, in his palace with a loss of life of about 2,000 people.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/span>1966\u20131971 (before the coup):<\/span><\/h3>\n

In 1966, following a power struggle between the Obote-led government and King Muteesa, Obote suspended the constitution and removed the ceremonial president and vice-president. In 1967, a new constitution proclaimed Uganda a republic and abolished the traditional kingdoms. Obote was declared the president.<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>1971 \u20131979 (The Amin Regime):<\/span><\/h3>\n

After a\u00a0military coup on 25 January 1971<\/a>, Obote was deposed from power and General\u00a0Idi Amin<\/a>\u00a0seized control of the country.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Idi Amin<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Amin ruled Uganda as dictator with the support of the military for the next eight years.<\/sup>\u00a0He carried out mass killings within the country to maintain his rule. An estimated 80,000\u2013500,000 Ugandans lost their lives during his regime.<\/sup>\u00a0Aside from his brutalities, he\u00a0forcibly removed<\/a>\u00a0the entrepreneurial\u00a0Indian<\/a>\u00a0minority from Uganda.<\/sup>\u00a0In June 1976, Palestinian terrorists hijacked an\u00a0Air France<\/a>\u00a0flight and forced it to land at\u00a0Entebbe airport<\/a>. One hundred of the 250 passengers originally on board were held hostage until an\u00a0Israeli commando raid<\/a>\u00a0rescued them ten days later.<\/sup>\u00a0Amin’s reign was ended after the\u00a0Uganda-Tanzania War<\/a>\u00a0in 1979, in which Tanzanian forces aided by Ugandan exiles invaded Uganda.<\/p>\n

<\/span>1979\u2013present<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n

Yoweri Museveni has been president since his forces toppled the previous regime in January 1986.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Yoweri Kaguta Museveni<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Political parties in Uganda<\/a>\u00a0were restricted in their activities beginning that year, in a measure ostensibly designed to reduce sectarian violence. In the\u00a0non-party<\/a>\u00a0“Movement” system instituted by Museveni, political parties continued to exist, but they could operate only a headquarters office. They could not open branches, hold rallies, or field candidates directly (although electoral candidates could belong to political parties). A constitutional referendum cancelled this nineteen-year ban on multi-party politics in July 2005.<\/p>\n

In the mid-to-late 1990s, Museveni was lauded by western countries as part of a\u00a0new generation of African leaders<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

His presidency has been marred, however, by invading and occupying the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the\u00a0Second Congo War<\/a>, resulting in an estimated 5.4 million deaths since 1998, and by participating in other conflicts in the\u00a0Great Lakes region of Africa<\/a>. He has struggled for years in the civil war against the Lord’s Resistance Army, which has been guilty of numerous crimes against humanity, including\u00a0child slavery<\/a>, the\u00a0Atiak massacre<\/a>, and other mass murders. Conflict in northern Uganda has killed thousands and displaced millions.<\/p>\n

Parliament abolished presidential term limits in 2005, allegedly because Museveni used public funds to pay US$2,000 to each member of parliament who supported the measure.\u00a0Presidential\u00a0elections<\/a>\u00a0were held in February 2006. Museveni ran against several candidates, the most prominent of them being\u00a0Kizza Besigye<\/a>.<\/p>\n

On 20 February 2011, the Uganda Electoral Commission declared the incumbent president Yoweri Kaguta Museveni the winning candidate of the 2011\u00a0elections<\/a> that were held on 18 February 2011. The opposition however, were not satisfied with the results, condemning them as full of sham and rigging. According to the official results, Museveni won with 68 percent of the votes. This easily topped his nearest challenger, Besigye, who had been Museveni’s physician and told reporters that he and his supporters “downrightly snub” the outcome as well as the unremitting rule of Museveni or any person he may appoint. Besigye added that the rigged elections would definitely lead to an illegitimate leadership and that it is up to Ugandans to critically analyze this. The European Union’s Election Observation Mission reported on improvements and flaws of the Ugandan electoral process: “The electoral campaign and polling day were conducted in a peaceful manner […] However, the electoral process was marred by avoidable administrative and logistical failures that led to an unacceptable number of Ugandan citizens being disfranchised.” <\/sup>Since August 2012, hacktivist group\u00a0Anonymous<\/a>\u00a0has threatened Ugandan officials and hacked official government websites over its anti-gay bills.<\/sup> Some international donors have threatened to cut financial aid to the country if anti-gay bills continue.<\/p>\n

Geography:<\/span><\/h2>\n

Uganda is located in southeast Africa between 1\u00ba N and 4\u00ba N latitude, and 30\u00ba E and 35\u00ba E longitude.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Topographic Map of Uganda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Its geography is very diverse consisting of volcanic hills, mountains, and lakes. The country sits at an average of 900 meters above sea level. Both the eastern and western borders of Uganda have mountains. The Ruwenzori mountain range contains the highest peak in Uganda, which is named Alexandra and measures 5,094 meters.<\/p>\n

Economy:<\/h2>\n

In 2015, Uganda’s economy generated export income from the following merchandise: coffee (US$402.63 million), oil re-exports (US$131.25 million), base metals and products (US$120.00 million), fish (US$117.56 million), maize (US$90.97 million), cement (US$80.13 million), tobacco (US$73.13 million), tea (US$69.94 million), sugar (US$66.43 million), hides and skins (US$62.71 million), cocoa beans (US$55.67 million), beans (US$53.88 million),\u00a0sesame<\/a> (US$52.20 million), flowers (US$51.44 million), and other products (US$766.77 million).<\/p>\n

The country has largely untapped reserves of both\u00a0crude oil<\/a>\u00a0and natural gas.<\/sup>\u00a0While agriculture accounted for 56 percent of the economy in 1986, with coffee as its main export, it has now been surpassed by the services sector, which accounted for 52 percent of GDP in 2007.<\/sup> In the 1950s, the British colonial regime encouraged some 500,000 subsistence farmers to join co-operatives.<\/sup> Since 1986, the government (with the support of foreign countries and international agencies) has acted to rehabilitate an economy devastated during the regime of Idi Amin and the subsequent civil war.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Uganda Export Treemap<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Uganda is a member of the\u00a0East African Community<\/a>\u00a0and a potential member of the planned\u00a0East African Federation<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Uganda has a large diaspora, residing mainly in the United States and the United Kingdom. This diaspora has contributed enormously to Uganda’s economic growth through remittances and other investments (especially property). According to the World Bank, Uganda received in 2016 an estimated US$1.099 billion in remittances from abroad, second only to Kenya (US$1.574 billion) in the East African Community, and seventh in Africa.<\/sup> Uganda also serves as an economic hub for a number of neighboring countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, <\/sup>South Sudan,<\/sup> and Rwanda.<\/p>\n

Transportation:<\/h2>\n

There are\u00a035 airports<\/a>\u00a0in Uganda. Commercial airlines operate scheduled passenger services out of four airports. Uganda has an international airport,\u00a0Entebbe International Airport<\/a>, which is located 25 miles (40\u00a0km) south-west of\u00a0Kampala<\/a>. In 2017 the airport traffic hit 1.53 million passengers, 8% more than the previous year.<\/sup>\u00a0A second international airport,\u00a0Hoima International Airport<\/a>, is currently under construction.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Entebbe International Airport<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
\n
Road transportation is the most important way of transportation in Uganda. 95% of freight and passenger traffic is handled by road traffic. The road network in Uganda is approximately 80,448 miles (129,469 km) long. About 4% of these roads are paved which means about 3,293 miles (5,300 km). The different types of roads are national roads (13,676 mi (22,009 km)\u201417%), district roads (20,916 mi (33,661 km)\u201426%), urban roads (5,631 mi (9,062 km)\u20147%), and community roads (40,224 mi (64,734 km)\u201450%).<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0The national roads make up about 17% of the road network but carry over 80% of the total road traffic.<\/span><\/sup> In Uganda there are 83,000 private cars which means 2.94 cars per 1000 inhabitants.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The rail network in Uganda is approximately 783 miles (1,260\u00a0km) long. The longest lines are the main line from\u00a0Kampala<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0Tororo<\/a>\u00a0(155 miles (249\u00a0km)), the western line from\u00a0Kampala<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0Kasese<\/a>\u00a0(207 miles (333\u00a0km)), the northern line from\u00a0Tororo<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0Pakwach<\/a>\u00a0(398 miles (641\u00a0km)).<\/p>\n

Flag of Uganda:<\/h2>\n

The flag of Uganda was adopted on 9 October 1962, the date that\u00a0Uganda<\/a>\u00a0became independent from the\u00a0British Empire<\/a>. It consists of six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red (bottom); a white disc is superimposed at the center and depicts the national symbol, a grey crowned crane<\/a>, facing the hoist side.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Flag of Uganda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

During the colonial era the British used a British Blue ensign defaced with the colonial badge, as prescribed in 1865 regulations.\u00a0Buganda<\/a>, the largest of the traditional kingdoms in the colony of Uganda, had its own flag.<\/sup> However, in order to avoid appearing to give preference to one region of the colony over any other, the British colonial authorities selected the crane emblem for use on the Blue ensign and other official banners.<\/p>\n

\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

When the\u00a0Democratic Party<\/a> ruled the country, a design for flag was proposed. It had vertical stripes of green-blue-green, separated by narrower yellow stripes, and in the center had the silhouette of a yellow crane. After the party lost the national elections on 25 April 1962 the newly elected\u00a0Uganda People’s Congress<\/a> (UPC) rejected the former design and instead proposed the current design. It was based on the flag of UPC \u2013 a tricolor having horizontal strips of red, yellow and black. The British administration gave their approval to this before the country’s independence.<\/sup> The flag was designed by C Todd, Professor of Fine Art at Makerere University. He also designed the Uganda Coat of Arms and various ceremonial items, which he registered with the College of Arms, in London.<\/p>\n

The three colors are representative of Native ethnic groups of Africa<\/a> (black), Africa’s sunshine (yellow), and African brotherhood (red being the color of blood, through which all Africans are connected).<\/sup>\u00a0The\u00a0grey crowned crane<\/a>\u00a0is fabled for its gentle nature and was also the military badge of Ugandan soldiers during\u00a0British<\/a> rule. The raised leg of the crane symbolizes the forward movement of the country.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The flag of Uganda was adopted on 9 October 1962, the date that Uganda became independent from the British Empire. It consists of six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red (bottom); a white disc is superimposed at the center and depicts the national symbol, a grey crowned crane, facing the hoist side.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9580,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[19,8,59,5,6,7,18,60],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9111"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9111"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9581,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9111\/revisions\/9581"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smoketreemanor.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}